Lesson 6 · Advanced · Both · 15 min
Disputes Lifecycle & RuPay / NCMC vs Global
Follow a dispute from claim to representment/pre-arbitration, then contrast India's RuPay and NCMC with global scheme realities.
Objectives
- ▸Sequence the card dispute lifecycle at a practical level
- ▸List evidence types that win representments
- ▸Explain RuPay's domestic role versus Visa/MC
- ▸Describe NCMC's transit/perimeter use case
Cardholder disputes with issuer → issuer may raise a chargeback under a reason code within time limits → acquirer/merchant is debited and notified → merchant representment with compelling evidence → potential pre-arbitration/arbitration under network rules → final liability. Parallel tracks exist for fraud vs merchandise/service disputes. Retrieval requests may precede chargebacks.
- Timeboxes are strict — late evidence loses
- Reason code dictates required evidence pack
- Credits/refunds already issued should be proven to avoid double loss
Key terms
ChargebackRepresentmentPre-arbitrationReason codeFriendly fraudRuPayNCMCBilling descriptor